What does the term "self-propelled" mean in the context of artillery?

In the context of artillery, the term "self-propelled" refers to artillery that is mounted on a vehicle, allowing it to move independently without the need for external towing. This characteristic provides significant tactical advantages, including enhanced mobility, quicker repositioning during operations, and the ability to respond rapidly to changing battlefield conditions. Self-propelled artillery units can maneuver into advantageous firing positions and quickly relocate after firing, making them more effective in dynamic combat scenarios.

The design usually integrates the artillery piece with a tracked or wheeled vehicle platform, which not only provides mobility but can also include features such as armor for protection and onboard ammunition storage. This design enhances operational efficiency and reduces the time needed to set up or take down firing positions compared to traditional towed artillery systems.